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Hawaii County, HI · off-grid fact sheet

Can you live off-grid in Hawaii County, Hawaii?

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of 100
Significant challenges

Possible, but water will be hard. Typical well depths here range from 80 feet to 1,700 feet, so get a local driller's quote. The growing season runs about 331 frost-free days, long enough for a spring and a fall garden. The U.S. Geological Survey maps strong earthquake shaking here, so build to the seismic code.

What the land says

Rain
Rain can supply much of a household's water with a large tank. A garden mostly waters itself in normal years.
About 46 inches a year (University of Hawaii Rainfall Atlas)
Wells
Well depth varies a lot here. Get a local driller's quote before you offer.
Typical well depths here range from 80 feet to 1,700 feet
Growing season
Long enough for a spring and a fall garden.
About 331 frost-free days, USDA zone 10a; last frost about February 13, first about December 15
Sun
Good sun. Size the array and battery bank for winter.
About 5.0 hours of full sun a day, averaged over the year
Flood
Flood zones run along creeks and rivers here. Look up the parcel on FEMA's flood map.
FEMA maps flood zones in places
Wildfire
Wildfire risk is high in places. Check the risk for the parcel you want.
U.S. Forest Service wildfire hazard map: Very Low to High here
Storms
Hurricanes and strong tornadoes are rare here.
NOAA: no hurricane-strength storm within 50 miles since 1975; no strong (EF2 or stronger) tornado within 25 miles since 1990
Earthquakes
Strong shaking is possible. Build to the seismic code and brace the water tank.
USGS seismic hazard map: very high
Terrain
Rolling ground. Look for a flat house site.
Slopes average about 9%, about 2,580 feet above sea level
Soil
Good ground for a standard septic system. The county's soil test decides.
Silt loam, well drained (USDA soil survey). A standard system typically runs $5,000 to $10,000
Road
Paved roads are close by.
Nearest paved road usually within about 1 mile (OpenStreetMap)

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Is it legal here?

Zoning
Hawaii County zones land outside its towns and publishes its zoning map. Our free lookup shows the district for any address.
Building code
Hawaii has a statewide building code, with a residential code based on the 2018 International Residential Code. Each county adopts it with its own changes and enforces it through the county building department, so plan on a county building permit for a house.
Rainwater
Collecting it is allowed.
Composting toilets
Allowed with a permit and an approved unit.
Water rights
A mix of two systems. Ask the state water office before you drill a well or dam a creek.

Look up a parcel's zoning free, or read Is it legal to live off-grid in Hawaii? for permits, septic, wells, and the counties that opt out.

What it costs to set up a homestead here

Well
Not priced
Depends on depth, which varies here. Get a driller's quote.
Septic
$5,000 to $10,000
Standard system
Solar and batteries
$18,000 to $34,000
Sized for a modest household
Road or driveway
$17,000 to $43,000
From the nearest road to a house site
Clearing
$2,000 to $9,000
A house site, solar, and garden
Total
$42,000 to $95,000
Before the house, plus the well

Before you make an offer on land here

Well depth
Get a local driller's depth estimate.
Typical well depths here range from 80 feet to 1,700 feet.
Zoning
Look up the parcel's zoning district with our free tool.
The county publishes its zoning map.
Soil test
Get a soil test before you count on septic.
The county has to approve the ground before it issues a septic permit.

Nearby counties

207,615 people live in Hawaii County, about 51.5 per square mile. It ranks tied for 4th of the 5 Hawaii counties we scored, and Hawaii ranks 36th of 50 states.

Maui County, HI · Kalawao County, HI · Honolulu County, HI · Kauai County, HI · Marin County, CA · San Mateo County, CA · All scored Hawaii counties

A good county is not a good parcel. Two lots a mile apart can score 80 and 35. Score the one you are looking at, free, in about a minute.

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Sources: FEMA flood maps, USGS and state driller well records, USGS brackish groundwater study, USDA soil survey, USGS 3DEP elevation, U.S. Forest Service wildfire hazard, USGS seismic hazard, USGS PAD-US public land, U.S. Census housing counts, USDA county land values, FCC broadband map, CMS hospital list. Rainfall: University of Hawaii Rainfall Atlas (250 m grid, 1978 to 2007 base period). Storms: NOAA hurricane tracks (HURDAT2, 1975-2025) and Storm Prediction Center tornado paths (EF2+, 1990-2025). Roads: © OpenStreetMap contributors. Data updated September 2026.