Can you live off-grid in Meade County, South Dakota?
72
of 100
Significant challenges
Possible, but water will be hard. Only about 18 inches of rain falls a year, so you will rely on a well or hauled water. The growing season is only about 141 frost-free days, so plan on cold-hardy crops and a greenhouse.
What the land says
Rain
Too dry to live on rain. Plan on a well, and on irrigating anything you grow.
About 18 inches a year (PRISM, 1991 to 2020 average)
Wells
Well depth varies a lot here. Get a local driller's quote before you offer.
Typical well depths here range from 30 feet to 2,290 feet
Growing season
Short. Start seeds indoors and favor cold-hardy crops.
About 141 frost-free days, USDA zone 5a; last frost about May 11, first about September 28
Sun
Good sun. Size the array and battery bank for winter.
About 5.1 hours of full sun a day, averaged over the year
Flood
Flood zones are rare here. Still, look up the parcel on FEMA's flood map.
FEMA maps no flood zones nearby
Wildfire
Low wildfire risk.
U.S. Forest Service wildfire hazard map: Very Low to Moderate here
Storms
Hurricanes and strong tornadoes are rare here.
NOAA: no hurricane-strength storm within 50 miles since 1975; about 0.6 strong (EF2 or stronger) tornadoes a decade within 25 miles
Terrain
Flat to gentle, easy to build on.
Slopes average about 6%, about 2,760 feet above sea level
Soil
Good ground for a standard septic system. The county's soil test decides.
Loam, well drained (USDA soil survey). A standard system typically runs $5,000 to $10,000
Road
Paved roads are close by.
Nearest paved road usually within about 1.8 miles (OpenStreetMap)
Check a South Dakota parcel, or plan the one you own
Get a free 0-100 off-grid score.
A step-by-step build plan, sizing your solar, water, garden, septic, heat, and buildings.
Is it legal here?
Zoning
Rural land here is often unzoned. Confirm with the county before you build.
Building code
South Dakota has no statewide residential building code: a city that chooses to regulate houses must use the 2024 International Residential Code and may not be stricter, and the state's default building standard excludes homes and farmsteads. Whether a rural house needs a building permit depends on the county, so ask before you buy.
Rainwater
Collecting it is allowed.
Composting toilets
Allowed.
Water rights
Water belongs to whoever claimed it first. A new well or pond may need a state permit, and a creek may already be claimed.
Depends on depth, which varies here. Get a driller's quote.
Septic
$5,000 to $10,000
Standard system
Solar and batteries
$18,000 to $34,000
Sized for a modest household
Road or driveway
$15,000 to $40,000
From the nearest road to a house site
Clearing
$1,000 to $4,000
A house site, solar, and garden
Total
$39,000 to $88,000
Before the house, plus the well
Before you make an offer on land here
Well depth
Get a local driller's depth estimate.
Typical well depths here range from 30 feet to 2,290 feet.
Zoning
Confirm with the county whether the parcel is zoned.
Rural land in South Dakota is often unzoned.
Soil test
Get a soil test before you count on septic.
The county has to approve the ground before it issues a septic permit.
Nearby counties
30,954 people live in Meade County, about 8.9 per square mile. It ranks tied for 46th of the 66 South Dakota counties we scored, and South Dakota ranks 39th of 50 states.