Can you live off-grid in Ontonagon County, Michigan?
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Significant challenges
Possible, but winter will be hard. The growing season is about 140 frost-free days and winter sun is weak, so plan on a greenhouse and a bigger battery bank or a generator. Wells are shallow here, near 40 feet, which keeps drilling costs down. The nearest roads are often dirt tracks, so plan to build or maintain your own access.
What the land says
Rain
Rain helps, but plan on a well for most of your water and on watering the garden in dry months.
About 33 inches a year (PRISM, 1991 to 2020 average)
Wells
Shallow wells, so drilling should be one of the cheaper costs.
The typical well here is about 40 feet deep; a well typically runs $6,000 to $13,000
Growing season
Short. Start seeds indoors and favor cold-hardy crops.
About 140 frost-free days, USDA zone 5a; last frost about May 18, first about October 2
Sun
Fair sun. Plan a larger array or a generator for winter.
About 4.3 hours of full sun a day, averaged over the year
Flood
Flood zones are rare here. Still, look up the parcel on FEMA's flood map.
FEMA maps no flood zones nearby
Wildfire
Low wildfire risk.
U.S. Forest Service wildfire hazard map: Very Low to Low here
Storms
Hurricanes and strong tornadoes are rare here.
NOAA: no hurricane-strength storm within 50 miles since 1975; no strong (EF2 or stronger) tornado within 25 miles since 1990
Terrain
Flat to gentle, easy to build on.
Slopes average about 4%, about 1,160 feet above sea level
Soil
Good ground for a standard septic system. The county's soil test decides.
Silt loam, moderately well drained (USDA soil survey). A standard system typically runs $5,000 to $10,000
Road
Dirt tracks. Plan to build or maintain your own road.
Nearest road often a dirt track, about 0.7 miles away (OpenStreetMap)
Check a Michigan parcel, or plan the one you own
Get a free 0-100 off-grid score.
A step-by-step build plan, sizing your solar, water, garden, septic, heat, and buildings.
Is it legal here?
Zoning
Set by the township where it has adopted its own zoning, which then replaces county zoning; elsewhere the county's zoning applies. Ask the township office which rules cover the parcel.
Building code
Michigan Residential Code (based on the International Residential Code) is the statewide minimum; no local opt-out.
Rainwater
Collecting it is allowed.
Composting toilets
Allowed.
Water rights
Owners of land along a creek or lake can make reasonable use of its water.
Drilled to about 40 feet, with pump and pressure tank
Septic
$5,000 to $10,000
Standard system
Solar and batteries
$18,000 to $34,000
Sized for a modest household
Road or driveway
$8,000 to $21,000
From the nearest road to a house site
Clearing
$1,000 to $4,000
A house site, solar, and garden
Total
$38,000 to $82,000
Before the house
Before you make an offer on land here
Road access
Confirm a recorded easement to the parcel.
The nearest roads are often dirt tracks.
Zoning
Call the town or township office with the parcel's address.
Set by the township where it has adopted its own zoning, which then replaces county zoning; elsewhere the county's zoning applies. Ask the township office which rules cover the parcel.
Soil test
Get a soil test before you count on septic.
The county has to approve the ground before it issues a septic permit.
Nearby counties
5,906 people live in Ontonagon County, about 4.5 per square mile. It ranks 82nd of the 83 Michigan counties we scored, and Michigan ranks 20th of 50 states.